What is WAN?
WAN stands for Wide Area Network i.e to connect 2 different networks which is not on the same campus or same building.
How to decide whether the user should go for a WAN connectivity or not?
The person should decide first what is his application & how he wants the connectivity between a host machine & a remote machine -
whether its a dial-up or lease line or any other. Then decide whether the remote machine is on the same building or it is located somewhere far from the host machine, if its located on the same building then the user might not need a WAN connectivity but if the network is too congested with the traffic then its better to have a router in
between to reduce the network traffic. Router is the name of the device to connect the WAN connectivity.
If the remote location is not near or not on the same premises then he has to decide where the location is & depends on the link between the two places decide what type of link he wants whether its dial-up or lease or any other.
Name of the different services on which the WAN can be used?
Dial-up Leased line X.25 Frame relay ISDN
What is the difference between Hub, Switch & Router?
Router is a device choosed for a WAN connectivity if we use a Hub then the network will work on the same collision domain & broadcast domain. This problem we can eliminate to some extent by using a switch. It will form a different collosion domain but their will be only one broadcast domain to eliminate this problem. We need a router which will form a different broadcast domain that way we can reduce the traffic in network & because distances limitation of UTP cabling we cannot use hub or switch for lan connectivity, UTP cabling allows only 100 mts. distance.
What is a Virtual Private Network (VPN)?
A VPN provides end users with a way to privately access information on their corporate network (e.g. an intranet) over a public network infrastructure such as the Internet.
What is a repair disk for Windows NT, and how would I use it?
The repair disk is a floppy diskette that contains information that is used to run a repair on Windows NT. Under Windows NT a repair is a process that restores your System Files, Registry Information, or Partition Boot Sector if any of these items has become corrupted, preventing Windows NT from starting or functioning properly.
How can I find out what driver is being used for a peripheral?
What is Dual Speed Hub?
The D-Link dual-speed stackable Ethernet/Fast Ethernet hubs are designed to allow easy migration and integration between 10Mbps Ethernet and 100Mbps Fast Ethernet, while providing manageability and flexibility in cable connections.
Can use 10/100 Auto sense function in up-link port for Dual speed Hub?
Yes, the up-link port is same as 10/100 Auto sense port. But, we suggest to using Cat 5 UTP cable.
What is a LAN?
A LAN is a Local Area Network. The simplest LAN exists when 2 PCs are connected together.
What is File Server?
This is a PC with large storage capacity and more processing power than the typical PC. It is the heart of the network and its capabilities directly affect the performance of the network. Special software, called the network operating system, is loaded that can handle multiple requests from multiple users. There are several network operating systems available, such as Novell NetWare,UNIX, and Microsoft Windows NT.
What is Network Interface Card (NIC)
Each PC that wishes to communicate on the network has a NIC installed. Dozens of manufacturers offer several different boards based on speed, price, and functionality.
What is Cabling
Cabling is attached to connect the NICs inside your PC. It is similar to your cable TV, your telephone wiring, special cable or wireless like your portable phones. Since all communication happens on the cabling, high quality, properly selected and professionally installed cable is necessary to insure a reliable LAN.
What is File Backup Device
To protect your valuable information, a backup device, usually tape, is needed to restore your data in the event of a disaster.
How can I find out about the current network status?
You can test the connection speed to different sites on the Internet using the 'ping' utility. Ping is included with Windows 95. Just go to the DOS prompt and enter 'ping' followed by the name of the site you would like to check. Ping sends a string of test characters to the site and measures the time it takes for these characters to return. A good 'ping' on RR is about 100 ms for sites within the US. Another useful utility is 'Tracert' (short for Trace Route). Traceroute will tell you what machines are used to relay your data to the final destination. You will be able to identify 'bottle necks' along the way.
What is a 'server'?
A server is software that will allow you to offer data for download from your computer. The counterpart, a client or browser, will allow you to download data from a server. As an example: your web browser (Internet Explorer or Netscape) is a client that is able to access different web servers. Web servers are the most popular server to run. Some Microsoft software (e.g. FrontPage) comes with a small web server ('Personal Web Server') that will start automatically whenever you start FrontPage.
Why would I want to run a server?
You have a huge web page that does not fit within the 5 Mbytes limit offered by your RR personal web page? You may want to run your own web server. This way you have as much space as there is on your hard disk. Other possibilities are ftp servers to facilitate file exchange with friends (ftp = File Transfer Protocol).
What are Proxy Servers?
'Proxies' are special machines that store the last Web pages that have been downloaded on a network. If you choose to use them, your Web Browser will first ask the proxy if this page has been stored by the proxy. If not, the proxy will go out to the Internet, download the page, and send it to you. The page will be stored at the proxy for some time. Some cable modem installations require you to use proxies, others make it an option. Many popular Web pages have now switched to dynamic, customized, content. These pages may not be cached by the proxy. The proxy server did also attempt to detect if a requested web server is available, by sending a so called 'ping' to the server. However, as a security precaution, many popular sites do not respond to such pings. The proxy server was not able to access the site and returned an error message.
What is Ping?
Ping is the most basic tool to check your Internet connectivity to a particular site. Ping sends packets to a remote site and measures the time it takes for the packets to return. By default, a 32 byte long packet is sent 4 times.
What is netstat?
Netstat will show some statistics about your Internet connection. By itself, netstat will return a list of currently active connections. Typing netstat -e returns the total number of bytes and packets you send and received through the Ethernet port since the last reboot of the machine.
Define winipcfg.
A nice Windows program, not a DOS utility. Winipcfg will show all the configuration parameters currently active: your IP address, the address of your gateway, and the DNS address and more...
What is a network firewall?
A firewall is a system or group of systems that enforces an access control policy between two networks. The actual means by which this is accomplished varies widely, but in principle, the firewall can be thought of as a pair of mechanisms: one which exists to block traffic, and the other which exists to permit traffic. Some firewalls place a greater emphasis on blocking traffic, while others emphasize permitting traffic. Probably the most important thing to recognize about a firewall is that it implements an access control policy. If you don't have a good idea what kind of access you want to permit or deny, or you simply permit someone or some product to configure a firewall based on what they or it think it should do, then they are making policy for your organization as a whole.
Why would I want a firewall?
The Internet, like any other society, is plagued with the kind of jerks who enjoy the electronic equivalent of writing on other people's walls with spray paint, tearing their mailboxes off, or just sitting in the street blowing their car horns. Some people try to get real work done over the Internet, and others have sensitive or proprietary data they must protect. Usually, a firewall's purpose is to keep the jerks out of your network while still letting you get your job done.
What are the basic types of firewalls?
There are two types of firewalls:
1. Network Level
2. Application Level
They are not as different as you might think, and latest technologies are blurring the distinction to the point where it's no longer clear if either one is "better" or "worse." As always, you need to be careful to pick the type that meets your needs.
What should I do when file server could not be found?
First check whether you are getting error messages in a particular machine or in all machines. If it gives problem in one machine, check for loose connection, then check for lan card. If it gives problem in all the machines then check for server.
How should I overcome when error reads boot disk image file?
Check for the NetDOS.Sys file in login directory. Any problem create another file (but image file) & after creating into RPLFIX utility. RPLFIX utility is used to support newer version of DOS (above DOS version 5.00).
While working server dismounts automatically?
Check for the loose connection in the server & check for the corrupted files. Run Vrepair utility to check for the damaged files, then check for the redirected blocks whether it is increasing continously, if it increases that means server hard disk is having bad sectors. And needs to be replaced immediately or try to format & reinstall.
Users cannot login to the server.
Check for the correct port & interrupt, then correct frame type whether it is 802.3 or 802.2.
